Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is a crop of huge economic significance worldwide and is grown mainly in tropical and subtropical countries. Currently, West Africa produces most of the world's cocoa. The crop provides economic support to cocoa-growing countries, smallholder farmers, and the chocolate confectionery industries. Cocoa is also valued for its appealing flavours and the health-promoting properties of the bioactive phytochemicals in the beans, which have received increased global attention in recent years.